Page 15 - Kashmir and National Education Policy by Dr. Amarpreet Kour

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

educational policies and programs. The Director of J&K SCERT,
heads the SCERT and central office. A Joint Director at the central
level manages move offices, ensuring seamless coordination and
strategic alignment of efforts. A Joint Director stationed in Srinagar
takes charge of the Divisional office, SCERT, ten Divisional Institutes
of Education and Training (DIETs) and encompassing areas such as
District Resource Groups (DRG), Zonal Resource Centres (ZRC),
Block Resource Centres (BRC), and Cluster Resource Centres (CRC).
Similarly, a Joint Director stationed in Jammu oversees the Divisional
office in the region, with equivalent responsibilities for DIETs and
SCERT wings.

The history of Indian Education, broadly divides itself into three parts,
Ancient, Mediaeval and Modern History. Ancient period is further
divided into three phases

ANCIENT

1. The First Epoch (2000 BCE – 200 BCE): This phase focused
on religious texts like the Vedic Hymns and Upanishads,
which excelled in philosophy and law. The Vedas, Rigveda,
Samaveda, Yajurveda, and Atharvaveda are ancient texts that
form the foundation of Hindu religious and philosophical
thought. They encompass hymns, rituals, and knowledge
across various disciplines, guiding spiritual, social, and
cultural practices Altekar (2009).

2. Max Müller (1849) remarked, “There is nothing more
primitive, more ancient than the hymns of the Rigveda,
whether in India or the whole Aryan world.”

3. The primary objective of Vedic education was to instil the
values of truth (Satyam), righteousness (Shivam), and beauty
(Sundaram) in learners.

4. Gurukuls, also called ashrams, were residential learning

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